Energy, entropy, and heat.
Estimate boiling point at a specific pressure using Clausius-Clapeyron.
Estimate water boiling point based on altitude.
Calculate the increase in boiling point upon adding a solute.
Calculate standard entropy change ΔS° for a reaction.
Calculate the decrease in freezing point.
Calculate ΔG from enthalpy and entropy: ΔG = ΔH - TΔS.
Calculate degrees of freedom (F) in a system: F = C - P + 2.
Calculate heat released per mole (Basic approx based on bond energies or input values).
Current STP values and molar volume calculation.
Calculate Vapor Pressure using Antoine Equation: log10(P) = A - B/(T+C).
Estimate VP of water at a given temperature (Buck Equation or Antoine).